ABSTRACT
Background: Renal stone disease is a considerable burden on public health worldwide. This study aimed to assess the nurse’s knowledge regarding renal stone among the nurses working at a selected specialized hospital.Methods: A total of 120 samples were collected through purposive sampling technique. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted under quantitative approach. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire through face to face interview. A written informed consent was obtained from the hospital authority and nurses. Data were analysed using SPSS version 20.Results: In this study ninety percent of the respondents were female and about 43.3% of the respondents were in the age group 31-35 years. About 35.8% of the respondents had postgraduate qualification and the majority (63.3%) of the respondents had 4 years and above years of service experience. More than nine-tenths (95.8%) of the respondents mentioned that renal stone is one kind of urological disease and 75.8% of the respondents mentioned that calcium oxalate is responsible elements for formation of renal stone. About 63.3% of them mentioned pain or burning during urination as the symptoms of renal stone. 66.7% of the respondents mentioned that a patient with renal stone should be counseled on stone-specific dietary interventions.Conclusions: The findings reveal that most of the study participants had good level of knowledge regarding the renal stone. It was recommended that a special training on renal stone for nurses might be geared up to increase their level of knowledge.
ABSTRACT
Aims: The genetic improvement of garlic can be achieved by biotechnological manipulations as breeding in this vegetatively propagated crop is limited. The current research was conducted with a view to develop an efficient in vitro regeneration protocol for four local garlic accessions namely, G121, G122, G123 and G124. Place, Duration and Design of Study: The experiment was conducted in the Tissue Culture Laboratory of the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University during the period from June 2013 to June 2014 using three-factorial experimental design. Methodology: The root tips, basal disc and leaf base were cultured in MS medium supplemented with 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) alone, and with both 2, 4-D and 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) together for callus induction and the later for subsequent sub-culturing and proliferation of callus. MS medium supplemented with 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and BAP was used for plantlet regeneration. Results: The percentage of callus induction increased with the increase in the concentration of 2,4- D, starting from 0.5 mg L-1 till 2.0 mg L-1 and declined with further increase in the concentration of 2,4-D. The MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D and BAP showed higher percentage of callus induction and callus proliferation compared to that of with 2,4-D alone. The highest percentage of callus induction was observed in the genotype G124 from the explant basal disc (85%) and in the genotype G121 from the explant leaf base (80%) with 2.0 mg L-1 2,4-D and 2.0 mg L-1 BAP. MS medium supplemented with 2 mg L-1 2,4-D + 0.5 mg L-1 BAP showed highest percentage of callus proliferation (90%) in almost all the genotypes. The highest percentage of plantlet regeneration were observed in the genotype G124 for the explants basal disc (63.33%) in MS medium supplemented with 2 mg L-1 NAA + 1 mg L-1 BAP. The survival rate of the plantlets after acclimatization varied from 40% (in G123) to 70% (in G121). Conclusion: The optimized protocol of plant regeneration from local garlic accessions will be useful for any future garlic improvement programs using biotechnological means.